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The political economy of nonbank escape from SIFI designation
Nonbanks evade SIFI rules through legal loopholes, political influence, and regulatory capture, despite posing risks comparable to big banks.


Bailing out nonbanks
Nonbank bailouts reward reckless risk-taking and worsen financial instability.


Mortgage leverage: How households spark financial crises
Unlike traditional home loans issued by banks, mortgages are securitized debt instruments that may fall outside banking regulations.


The inequality-made imbalances 3: Inequality, the savings amplifier
Savings concentrate in the top 20% of the income distribution while the top 1% is the super saver group. The top 1%'s average income...


The inequality-made imbalances 2: Uncovering the US saving glut
Components of net exports, domestic financial savings and domestic liabilities uncover the US saving glut. US financial saving figures...


The inequality-made imbalances 1: Reformulating the global saving glut hypothesis
This inequality series reformulates Bernanke’s global saving glut hypothesis for a better explanation of economic and financial...


Money, the crisis maker
While savings can infinitely surge, private debt is limited by borrowers' debt service capacity. Savers must buy debt instruments to...


The digital dollar can save the dollar
The digital dollar can save the dollar via freeing it from debt form. A financial turmoil driven by mass defaults can destroy a...


What is money?
Statistical evidence shows that over 90% of broad money in the U.S. exists as bank deposits, while the velocity of M2 has fallen to...


The indebted demand problem
Savings can infinitely grow whereas debt is limited by borrowers' service capacity.
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